In the Anthropocene, human-nature interactions are complex and have important implications for achieving Sustainable Development Goals and for addressing other global challenges. Although numerous studies have explored human-nature interactions (or human-environment interactions) and generated useful insights, they are largely disintegrated. As conceptual frameworks are the foundation of quantitative and qualitative integration, many have been proposed. Most of them focus on human-nature interactions within a specific coupled human and natural system (e.g., social-ecological system, human-environmental system). To reflect human-nature interactions between distant coupled systems, the framework of telecoupling (socioeconomic and environmental interactions over distances) has been developed. However, no frameworks have explicitly integrated human-nature interactions between adjacent coupled systems, let alone within a coupled system as well as between adjacent and distant coupled systems simultaneously. To fill such an important gap, this paper presents an integrated framework of metacoupling: human-nature interactions within a system (intracoupling), between distant systems (telecoupling), and between adjacent systems (pericoupling). A metacoupled system is a set of two or more coupled systems that interact with each other within and across space nearby and far away, through flows (e.g. movement of information, energy, matter, people, goods, organisms) facilitated by agents affected by a variety of factors with various effects. To demonstrate the utility of the metacoupling framework, this paper illustrates its application to human-nature interactions within a global flagship nature reserve as well as between the reserve and the rest of the world. The illustration suggests that the framework can help holistically understand and integrate human-nature interactions from local to global scales, over time, and among organizational levels. This paper also discusses future research directions and big scientific and governance challenges in a metacoupled world. Finally, this paper offers suggestions for operationalizing the metacoupling framework to understand and govern planet Earth toward a sustainable future where both humans and nature can thrive.