Time-frequency analysis is of great interest when time or frequency based techniques provide insufficient information about signals. Time-frequency representations depict variations of the spectral characteristics of signals as a function of time, which is ideally suited for nonstationary signals, especially, non-stationary biomedical signals. Many biomedical signals (e.g. heart sounds, swallowing accelerometry signals) are multicomponent, one-dimensional signals. The time-frequency analysis of these signals provides a two-dimensional representation of signals' components, which is appropriate for a diagnostic analysis. The resolution, that is, the quality of a representation, depends on a specific time-frequency distribution. Therefore, this talk provides an introduction to time-frequency analysis through an overview of recent contributions.