Control of open quantum systems is essential for the realization of contemporary quantum sci- ence and technology. We demonstrate such control by employing a thermodynamically consistent framework, taking into account the fact that the drive can modify the system’s interaction with the environment. Such an effect is incorporated within the dynamical equation, leading to control- dependent dissipation. This relation serves as the key element for open system control. The control paradigm is displayed by analyzing entropy changing state-to-state transformations, such as heating and cooling. The difficult task of controlling quantum gates is achieved for non-unitary reset maps with complete memory loss. In addition, we identify a novel mechanism for controlling unitary gates by actively removing entropy from the system to the environment. We demonstrate a universal set of single and double qubit unitary gates under dissipation.

In addition we explore the mitigation of noise originating from the external controller. We employ a Markovian model of phase and amplitude noise, leading to the degradation of gate fidelity. We show that optimal control with such noise models generates control solutions to mitigate the loss of gate fidelity. The problem is formulated in Liouville space, employing a highly accurate numerical solver and the Krotov algorithm to solve optimal control equations.

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. [2] S. Kallush, R. Dann, and R. Kosloff. ”Controlling the uncontrollable: Quantum control of open-system dynamics.” Science Advances 8, (2022): eadd0828.

[3] Aviv Aroch, Ronnie Kosloff, and Shimshon Kallush. ”Mitigating controller noise in quantum gates using optimal control theory.” arXiv preprint arXiv:2309.07659 (2023).