Identification and targeting of cancer stem cells
Metastasis accounts for more than 90 percent of death among cancer patients. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) and the latent embryonic program epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) are independently shown to be responsible for promoting metastasis. EMT is a complex series of cellular reprogramming events through which carcinoma cells lose their epithelial characteristics and acquire mesenchymal properties including increased migration and invasion. We and others have shown that through the activation of EMT, cancer cells can also acquire stem cell properties. This finding put forward the notion that the EMT-signaling pathways may offer a therapeutic window for treating metastasis. I will present evidence in support of this hypothesis and demonstrate that the metastasis can be inhibited by targeting EMT signaling pathways.